Agroforestry and Landscaping

• Natural Vegetation and their Soil
• Bonsai cultivation
• Biomass utilization
• Forest ecology & biodiversity
• Grassland and natural resource management
• Landscape restoration and agroforestry
• Applications of agroforestry: alley cropping, strip cropping, etc.,

Agroforestry is a study of land management system in which trees or shrubs are grown with crops. This diversification of the farming system initiates an agroecological sequence, like that in natural ecosystems. It improves biological interactions between forest trees or shrubs and agricultural crops. The five basic types of agroforestry practices are windbreaks, alley cropping, silviculture, riparian buffers and forest and hill farming. Agroforestry aids in conservation of species diversity and protect natural resources, reduce pollution, control soil erosion, and enhance wildlife biodiversity. The advantages of agroforestry also include improvement of the growth of agro-economy and resource sustainability. Agroforestry practices also impact agroecosystem and diversification of endangered crop species.

Landscaping refers to any activity that enhances the visible features of an area of land by addition of plants, landforms, terrain shape and elevation, or bodies of water or the weather and lighting conditions. It is commonly called gardening. It combines the science and art of growing plants with a goal of building a beauty within the landscape. It requires proficiency in horticulture and artistic design.