Title : Contribution to the phytochemical study, evaluation of the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of different solvent extracts from the leaves of the Pistacia lentiscus L. plant collected from Eastern Algeria
Abstract:
Pistacia lentiscus L., an evergreen shrub from the Anacardiaceae family, is found in Mediterranean countries. Its leaves contain therapeutic metabolites, traditionally used for anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects, and to treat conditions like gastralgia. Phytochemical compounds are extracted using conventional, energy- and solvent-intensive methods. This study focuses on extracting, separating, and screening phytochemicals from leaves of P. lentiscus L. harvested in two regions of Eastern Algeria. The research includes determining total phenolic levels, antioxidant activities (using ABTS and DPPH), and antimicrobial assays to identify new natural antioxidants. The extraction yields vary according to the method of extraction and the solvent used. Where the methanoic extract obtained by maceration gives the best yield (53.75%), followed by the aqueous extract by the infusion extraction method (38.035%). Phytochemical screening reveal a high richness in tannins, alkaloids, terpenes and saponosides whatever the extraction method and the solvent used. The chemical screening of the contents extracted by Thin-layer chromatography, we obtained separation of the spots for the extract chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol with the four solvent systems before and after the revelation under the UV radiation. The methanol, ethanolic and aqueous extracts obtained by the three methods of extraction of the leaves of Pistacia lentiscus L. had the highest levels of phenolic compound, flavonoids and the highest antioxidant activity in the DPPH and ABTS assays. The antibacterial activity in vitro has revealed the strong antibacterial power of the extracts against the five pathogenic strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) are more sensitive than bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). P. lentiscus L. leaves may be a potential natural source of antioxidants and may be of greater importance as a natural antioxidant capable of slowing down or preventing oxidative stress.
Keywords: Pistacia lentiscus L., Different Solvents, Extracts, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Algeria
