Title : The influence of biological nitrogen and organic fertilizers on crop productivity in arable land under organic farming conditions
Abstract:
Organic farming systems have advantages in terms of environmental impact, but often result in lower crop yields and profits compared to conventional production. The purpose of the research is to assess the impact of various methods of sowing and utilization of legumes and granulated cattle manure, and their combinations on the productivity of rotation sequences and the flows of productive and non-productive organic matter. It is worth paying more attention to plant productivity in arable organic farming. Higher plant yields mean more plant residues. Plant residues can be increased by using commercial fertilizers or locally sourced forage legume undersown. Studies have shown that RC (sowing year) ground mass applied as a fertilizer in combination with cereal (main crop) straw is qualitatively comparable to granulated cattle manure (GCM). However, the two differ in terms of decomposition intensity and impact on cereal yield. The mass of forage legume undersown and the amount of N accumulated in it are difficult to predict and depend on meteorological conditions and cultivation agrotechniques. The effect of nitrogenous clover mass on crop yields is short-lived, unlike that of GCM. It has been found that, in a three-year rotation, less than half of the organic matter accumulated in the crop is returned to the soil when only the straw of cereals is used as a fertiliser. In the three-year cereal chain, two different improvement means increased the amount of organic matter incorporated by a factor of two or more compared to the plot where no additional improvement means had been applied. The study has shown that plant yield and soil organic carbon were positively influenced by the use of two different means, i.e. the cultivation of forage legume undersown and the application of commercial fertiliser (GCM). These measures can replace RC cultivation in the main crop (green fallow) and also reduce the loss of marketable production. Weather conditions often play a decisive role in the productivity of the main crop and intercrop systems, the extent of mineralisation of biomass incorporated in the soil, the timing of nitrogen supply and uptake.
Audience Take Away Notes:
The research data provides knowledge about the crop’s productivity in arable organic agriculture, the flow of productive and non-productive organic matter, the balance and how to control it. A comparison of organic fertilizers and legume swards biomass used for green manure is presented. It is a practical solution that helps to stabilize the yield of plant problems, maintaining adequate productivity in arable organic farming
